What does a 403 error mean?

A 403 error is an HTTP status code that indicates that access to the requested resource on the server is denied. The server understands your request but refuses to authorize it. There are several reasons why a server might return a 403 error. Below, we discuss the most common causes and possible solutions.

Causes of a 403 error

1. No access to the server:
   The most common cause of a 403 error is that your account or IP address does not have access to the server. For example, the IT department may have blocked your access to the server.
2. Incorrect file permissions:
   If the file or directory permissions on the server are set too restrictively, your browser cannot display the requested page.
3. Error in files:
   For example, the website files may not be located in the www directory of your hosting, or there may not be an index.php (or index.html) file in that folder. In such cases, your website will display a 403 error.
4. Incorrect URL:
   A simple typo in the address can cause you to attempt to access a page you don’t have permission to view.
5. Using a proxy server:
   If you’re connecting through a proxy server, it can cause a 403 error if it is misconfigured or does not have access to the website.
6. Blocked by the firewall:
   If you’re working on your website yourself, the firewall may detect this as suspicious activity and block your IP address. In this case, check if you get the 403 error when accessing the website via another network (e.g., your phone’s mobile network).

How to resolve a 403 error

For website visitors:

• Try a different network:
  Do you still see the error when accessing the website from another network, such as your mobile phone’s data? Sometimes, only your IP address is blocked.
• Check the URL:
  Ensure the address is typed correctly and try again.

• Clear your browser data:
  Outdated or corrupt cache and cookie files can sometimes cause access issues.
• Request access:
  If you believe you should have access, contact the website owner or your organization’s IT department.

For website owners and developers:

• Try a different network:
  Do you still get the error when accessing the website via another network? If not, your IP address may have been temporarily blocked as a precaution while working on your site.

• Check your website files:
  Ensure your files are in the www directory on your hosting server and that there is an index.php (or index.html) file in that folder. For example, if the file is named home.php, it will result in a 403 error. Rename the file accordingly.
• Check file permissions:
  Make sure your files and directories have the correct permissions so they are accessible to users.
• Inspect your .htaccess file:
  A misconfigured .htaccess file can lead to 403 errors. Ensure that there are no unintended rules blocking access.

Conclusion

A 403 error can be frustrating for both website visitors and owners. By understanding the potential causes and following the steps above, you can often quickly resolve the issue and regain access to the desired content.